Mechanical horn.



G. VHRSIC.l MECHANICAL HORN. APPLICATION FILED MR. 2. 1914. 1,168,090, latened Jeux. 11, 1916;'

Il! f En Vemtqr: W

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GERARDO MARSXCO,r OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

MECHANICAL nenn.`

Specification of Letterslatent.

-Patented Jan., ill, MM5,

' Application filed March 2, 1914. Serial No. 821,894.

To all whom, it m ay concern Be it known that l, Giannino Mansioo, a

'Subject of the King of Italy, residing at 'the borough of Manhattan, city,county,

State of New York, have invented certainv and new and useful linprovements in Mechanical Horns, olii which the following is a speci- -icatiom reference being had therein to the amplitude.

accompanying drawings, which form a part thereof.

Bly invention relates to meciaiuical horns and more -1partieularly to a type of diaphragm. horns wherein the displacement of thediapl'n'agni eiected by means of an electromagnet. Heretoiore horns of this type have beencxtensirely made and used, but they vhave not proven entirely satis factory because it has been found impossible to secure a structure wherein the ,displacement of the diaphragm has been suiiiciently great, or its vib ations sutiiciently rapid to develop a signal of the desired intensityor Furthermore, aftera diaphragm has been eet in motion, it develops a movement independent of the power be 'ing applied thereto, and a failure of the ac7 tuating means, to come to Stop with the diaphragm, results in interference with the with a resultant discordance of, and loss of intensity in, the

` 'sound developed by the diaphragm. ln

"with the ieures of retlexures horns, of the electromagnetic type, or buf/:-

ner horns, there a loss of eiiciency due to the 'absence of a sufficiently forceful irnpact' of the Striker member with the diaphragm contact piece, and a gradual loss of etilc'iency with i1 continued use of the'horn.

Bv my invent-ion, l aim to providea ine-A cliaiiical 'horn structure wherein the diaphragm is displaced bymeans of anelectromagnet, in which the emitted signal will como to pitch substantially inetantlT with the Giorgini' of the circuit to the magnet and the dieplucement of of' suiiicient magnitude to insure a loud, quick, sharp warning signal. ln such a structuren sus `ained signal oi' Substantially uniform intensity may be sounded, the aetuatin means moving synchronouslaT with. thelrdraphragin and avoiding interference thereof. To secure economyl in the operation of the horn diaphragm.

the diaphragm will be y in addition to the desired'displacement of:

the diaphragm and the avoidance of 1nterfcrence with the free vibrationsithereo'f, l so Construct, my vimproved horn ythat a blow oit the desired force' ma7 be delivered to the diaphragm through a weighted armature controlled by a Single electro-magnet.

l alsopro'vide adjustable means arranged externally of the horn-casing, whereby the make and break mechanism may be adjusted the striker member to in a manner to time the diaphragm, and regulate the force oi the 'blow transmitted to. 'the diaphragm so as to attune the horn, secure the deelred degree of displacement of the diaphragm and bring the movement of the Striker member into synchronism with the iciiures of the This adjustment means may also be used to take up wear, for any loss of eflicien-fy arising from the continued use oit the horn.

l also construct my electro-magnet and so combine it with the cop -frating elements of' the horn, to insure a magnetic lield oli great intensity and utilize the entire force of the blow delivered by the striker member in' displacing the diaphragm, l also provide i'ueans whereby the normal relation ot' the diaphragm contact member and the striker member may be regulated to aid in attuning the horn.

Further, and minor, characteristics oi my ating mechanism in a unitary structure which may he quie-lily and. accurately assein bled in the Ltorn, and the detailed construction oi' the rarioiiis parts of the structure for insulating the make and break mechanism and securing the desired rigidity of the various parte.

The invention consists in the novel features of construction and combination of parts hereinafter' set forth and described and more particularly pointedout inthe claims hereto appended.

Referring to the drawings: Figure lis a perspective View or a mechanical horn embodying my invention; Fig-2 is a longitudinalvertical section through the rear casing, and Fig. 3 is a section of the main vactuating mechanism on the line 3-2l' of Fig. 2, the diaphragm contact member being shown,

or compensate of insulating` material.

iro

Like letters reiter to like parts throughout the several views.

' Ain the form of the invention shown in the drawings7 a indicates an ordinary amplifier carried by the easing Z) and communicating with the sound outlet opening t" thereof. The diaphragm fr, ivhieh may he oi any de sired material capable of withstanling the stress thereon, is mounted Within said easing o between said .sound outlet opening and the cup, or rear easing rl. The dimensions and design of these parts are immaterial to my invention, so long as a clear field within which the diaphragm may vii ate is a ii'orded.

The actuating merhanism is mounted ivithin the cup or casing J7 being firmly se-r cured with relation to said eup or easing and the diaphragm-- yThis meehanisan comprises an electromagnet e mounted upon the angular plate earrying the Soren' holts )lV- f h v means of which tlhe said mechanism is (furl-d in place. The cup or easing d being cylindrical, l make said plate narrow and `nonni the nuts f2 f upon the bolts f'fmf to it Llitate the assembling et thel aeti'iating Vmeuhanism independentiyA et the ren'iainder of 'the horn, The plate 'is clamped firmlyv in yplace by the nuts f"-lf cooperating with the bolts 7" 7"A externally of the .cup or easing (Z. I

Mounted upon the plate 7' hy means of the angular spring strip g is a weighted armature positioned adjaeent one end of the magnetic core of the electro-magnet e. One angle of the strip f/ rests upon the plate j,.heing insulated therefrom hv the sheet o The strip f/ is held upon the piate j" by the bolts f-7", suitable Washers being interposed betjveefn the holt heads and the strip g.

The make and break mechanism eoi'ujn'ises the spring tongue g2 earried hy the movahle part ofthe spring strip g, and the opposed Contact /gi mounted in one arm of the plate f. The said Contact (f" may be and preter-v aloly is provided with the usual platinum tip. One terminal i ofthe leads of the hatteryor other source of elertrical supply', 1s Connected direetly with one terminal ot' the coil, While the other is conneeted with the plate f.' The other terniinal of the eoi'l Connected with the strip y.

To develop a magnetiey vi'ield oit the desired intensity, wind the coil ot 'the magnet e upon a spool of insulating material, whieh Spool has a largo borev li'iounted in said horn is a cylindrical core 7c3 also havingr a la here, which core is ot' soft iron or other nn'ignetie material. `he ends olf said core project beyond the heads of the lspool i. Jthat end adjacent the armature L being flanged at L" to present a substantial areay to said armature. The other-end ot the eorc is irmly seeared, as by means of srrew threads. to 'the forward angle of the plate f. it desired,

ideama means as the screw. s2 may he used for ioelf ing said magnet. with relation to the bracket 0r frame f.

The diaphragm 0 is provided with an elongated Contact 7a. .firmly connected there with by means of the anvil o. Said Contact is ot materially smaller diameter than the bore of the Core 7J and extends longitudif nally therethrough, projecting slightly beyond the end thereof adjacent the armature It. This projecting end :is normally sparedy operating screw threadsy the lock nut e2 be? ing provided to hold it in any adjusted position.

To facilitate the timing ot' the artuations :of the armature with relation to the vibrations ot' theI diaphragm and to permit the adjustment ot the horn and prevent inter- 'terence ofthe armature with the vibrations of the diaphragm, l provide the Contact '(73 with an elongated screw threaded stem to4 the head of which projects through the eas'- ing d and'is' adapted to he set in justed position hv means of the lock nut g5. This screw threaded stein is movable in screw threads in one arm of the bracket or plate j.

The operation of the herein deseribed device is substantially as follows: When it is desired to artuate the horn, the circuit is closed by means of an ordinary push-button not shown, The circuit would be from the ternlinal '11 to the plate f, therethrough t0 the contaety, to thel spring plate (7, and therefrom thrfrmgh the core` to the terminal vf, thus energizing the Pore 7c. This rore being hollo and of large. diameter` Will exert a powerful intiuenee upon the, armature '/t. the attractive t'oree being augmented by the enlarged [iange f. Not onlyY will this iange act upon the armature h but the exposed interior portion of the eore will also act thereon.

The contact m, being ofsmall diameter, moves Afreely through the core fr: and .'heing spaeed away therefrom is not retarded by the magnetism in said core nor by frietiorial engagement therewith. l have been unable to determine whether or not the. magnetic circuit acting upon the contact 7n, materially aids the armature /i inimparting movement tosaid contact or aidsl in synchronizing the movements of the diaphragm with those of f any adilexes vfreely in both directions,

. intensity and amplitude.

meepee the armature, 'heoretically,therewould be tendency of the magnet e to act as solcnoid 'with relation to said' Contact m, and I believe that,l the passing` of the contact fm, through they hollowcorc aids materially in securing' the desired degree of displacement ot the diaphragm and in avoiding intertference in the free vibration thereof.

The sligit lead given to the armature 7L before its engagement with the contact m accentuates the initial power the blow imparted to the diaphragm through said contact, while at the same time permits the diaphragm upon its reflex action, to pass beyond its normal plane without interference 'from the armature. In assembling the device the various parte carried by the plate f are assembled in relation thereto with exception. ot the contact g3 and these parts are all .assembled in the horn at one and the same time.

After the horn has been assembled, the electrical contact maj be adjusted While the circuit is closed, thus bringing the move- -ment of the aramature 7L into synchronism with those of the diaphragm. have found that by spacingthis contact too tar from the tongue y, or too near to it,there is interference with the diaj'ihragm due to retardation of the armature; but that at one point of the adjustment of the contact, the diaphragm and a Clear and one of great It there should be a loss of this adjustment, the contact may be readily readjusted.

The intensity cient-ly great to bring the stantially instantaneously with the closing of sharp signal is produced,

the circuit,l and the horn ma)v be readily ad-V justed so that the signal may be sustained indefinitely without developing conditions leading; to 'interference between-the diaphragm and actuating,r mechanism.

ly mounting; the contact rf as described, I not only am enabled to adjust the contact fm, with relation to the` armature but avoid any tendency toward the capping; ot the. dia phi'agrm.

lt is not my intention to limitthe invention to the precise ydetails ot construction shown in the drawingjs, it birg apparent that such n'1ay be varied/without dejiarting' From the spirit `sind scope oli the' invention.

llaving described. the invention, what l, claim as new and desire tov have protected by Letters latent i, M-

l. mechanical horn, emliodyingzj a casin` having a sound outlet opening. an amplilier ronununirating 'with suidopeuinma rear casing, a Vl'le7\'ihle :'liaphrap'm between said casinos. an angular traine plate xmounted in from the rear casing; and

and detachable diaphraam-actuating mechanism comprising' an electro-magnet having' a tubular core et of the magnetic field is suiii-y horn to pitch subm upon an anvil 2. A. mechanical horn, embodying' a, casmgr having a sound., outlet opening, a "genri pliher communicating with said openllgt a rear casing, a Yflexible diaphragm between said casings, 'an angular frame plate mountedin and detachable from the 'rear casing; and diaphragm-actuatingr mechanism comprising an electro-magnet having a tubular core olf magnetic Amatinial fastened at one extremity to one arm of said frame plate, an armature, a resilient support for said armzrture attached to but' insulated from Jtrame plate, malte and break mechanism' carried by said armature support, means detaclmbly securingI said frame pla within theq rear casing, a contact screar having; a lthreaded and adjustable connection with said frame plate and projecting through the rear canine; Llor tterior adjustment, and an elongated contact attached to the dia phragm, proj ec'tin g through the mag- -net core and terminating,Y near the armature,

the means for 'fastening the frame plate to 3. A n'ieehanical horn embodying therein a casino; havin; a sound outlet opening, an ampliier comu'lunicating with said opening. a back casingr or cup, a lflexible diaphragm mounted in said casn an actuating mechanism for said diaphragnn comprising an angular plate, an electro-magnet having a core o'l n'iagfnetic material having a large boro longitudiualljfY therethrough, one end ol said 'coro beine; secured to one arm of: said plate and' the other endhaving a flange beyond the spool ot said magnet, an angular sj'irinp, strip, bolts secrufing one arm thereof to, but insulated from, said plate, a weighted armature carried' by the other arm ot said strip adjiicent said flange, and a make and break mechanif-m consisting" of asprine' tongue carried by said armature support. and a contact screw adj nstahly mounted in said plate and projecting beyond said rear casing or cup,1neans cooperating with said bolts whereby said actuating mechanism is vmom ed within said rear casing,r or cup, and an e negated contact supported by and having; .aement with said diaphragm and projecting through and byond said core and te'mnatng nem said armature, said Contact being of relatively small vthickness as compm'ed wththe bore of said coree whereby clearance s afforded about said Contact Within Suid core.

n witness Whereof have hereunto azed my' signabqm, in the png/.sence of two sub-- scrlbmg Witnesses, this 27th day of Feb ruary, 1914.

GERARDO MARSCO. 'Wim asses 2 A GIDE PIRAZZINI, Fmmcls J. PANETTA. 

